Restarting Apache and MySQL is sometimes necessary when the site isn’t responding. I can never remember exactly where the commands are located on different flavors of Linux/Unix.
Gentoo
This is where the services are located on Gentoo.
sudo vi /etc/php/apache2-php5/php.ini
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
sudo /etc/init.d/exim restart
OSX Mountain Lion
sudo apachectl restart
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
Ubuntu
Automatically upgrade packages using Aptitude.
sudo aptitude safe-upgrade
sudo reboot
If Aptitude doesn’t work, then use apt-get.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
Restarting services is easier on Ubuntu since you don’t need to remember where they are. The /etc/init.d restart method used in Gentoo also works.
sudo service apache2 restart
sudo service ssh restart
sudo service mysql restart